Combination square and gage



(No Model.)

- Y W. FORD.

COMBINATION SQUARE AND GAGE.

No. 329,156. Patented Oct. 27, 1885.

N PETERS. Phololilhogmplmr. Washin ton, D. 0.

UNITED STATES,

PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM FORD, OF BIRMINGHAM, CONNECTICUT.

COMBINATION SQUARE AND GAGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 329,156, dated October27, 1885.

Application filed July 20, 1885. Serial N0.1I2,085. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WM. FORD, of Birmingham, in the county of New Havenand State of Connecticut, have invented a new Combination Square andGage; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connectionwith accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon,to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which saiddrawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in

Figure 1, a perspective view of the instrument, showing all the partsset together; Fig. 2, a perspective view of the stock as a level, andwith the depthgage introduced in broken lines; Fig. 3, the stock andblade set as an L- square; Fig. 4, the stock and bevel blade; Fig. 4", atransverse section through the collar and blade; Fig. 5, the. stock andbeam as set for a surface-scratch; Fig. 6, the stock, beam, and scratchas set for a surface-gage; Fig. 7, a longitudinal section through thestock, square, blade, and screw; Fig. 8, a transverse section throughthe beam, collar, and scratch.

This invention relates to a combination or convertible instrument,specially adapted for machinists uses, the object being to adapt theseveral parts to be interchanged to produce several instruments-such asspirit-level, L- square, T-square, thread and drill gage, bevel,surface-scratch, surface-gage, and depth-gage; and the inventionconsists in the construction, as hereinafter described and particularlyrecited in the claims.

A represents the main stock or body of the instrument, which consists ofa metal bar having its sides parallel. In one side a bulb, a, isintroduced to form a spirit-level, so that the stock may be used, as inFig. 2, for leveling purposes. At one end of the stockis a longitudinalslot, 6, adapted to receive the blade B, which. forms the squares.

Transversely through the slot a set-screw, C, is introduced, and theblade at about mid way of its length is constructed with a hole,

6, to enter the hole in the blade and act as a wedge or cam to force itto a bearing in the stock. At one end of the blade a like hole, f, ismade, so that the blade may be set to form an L-square, and as seen inFig. 3, or set midway of its length to form a T-square, as seen in Fig.1.

D is the bevel-blade, which is constructed with a longitudinal slot, E,in the usual manner for bevel-blades. This slot is of dovetail form intransverse section, .as seen in Fig. 4, and into the slot a collar, F,is placed adapted to slide in the slot. The under side of the collar isa little short of the under face of the blade, as seen in Fig 4, and sothat when the blade lies upon the, stock, as seen in Fig. 4, the screwintroduced through the collar will force the collar hard against theblade and the blade upon the stock, so asto firmly set the blade at anydesired point. Then by loosening be shapedI make a V-shaped notch, g, inthe end of one or both the blades, the angle of the V being thatrequired for such tools.

G is the gage-beam. It is adapted to slide through a corresponding hole,H, transversely through the stock. At one end it is provided with atooth, h, to scratch the surface, and is held in the stock by aset-screw, I, preferably introduced through the end of the stock to bearagainst the beam, and as seen in Figs. 1 and 5. The stock serves asthehead or body of the gage to govern its movement, and the point to markthe surface over which the gage is run.

As a surfacegage, the beam is constructed at the end opposite the toothwith a longitudinal screw-stud, 2', adapted to enter the opening at theslot end of the stock, and from which the screw C is removed, and sothat the beam may be screwed hard down upon the surface of the stock, asseen in Fig. 6.

On the beam is an adjustable collar, L, adapted to slide on the beam,and transversely through it is a hole, Z, through which a scratch, M,may be set and wedge against the beam so as to hold the collar at anypoint to which it may be set. The collar being placed at the requireddistance for the scratch, the scratch is introduced and forced tovabearing, sov as to secure the collar, and thus securing the collar 4holds the scratch in the proper relative position to the face of thestock, and so that the stock may be placed upon the surface upon whichthe gage is to rest, and the scratch serve to mark in the usual mannerof using a surface-gage. One of the points of the scratch is in axialline and the other turned at right angles, in the usual manner for theinstrument called a scratch! As a depth-gage a hole, 42, is made throughthe stock at the end opposite the slot, at right angles to the beam-holeH, this hole or corresponding substantially to the size of the scratch,and so that the scratch inserted through it, as indicated in brokenlines, Fig.

' 2, may be fixed at any desired position by means of the set-screw I,therefore the stock resting upon the surface, and the scratch introducedso as to project from the lower side to the depth required, and thereset by the screw I, the depth-gage is ready for use.

The square blade may be provided with a series of graduated openings asa gage for screws, drills, &c.

In order to introduce the beam G through the stock the hole H isconstructed at one point with a longitudinal recess, m, through whichthe tooth h may pass, and so that the beam may be readily introduced orremoved by placing it in position to allow the tooth to pass through therecess m.

The square and bevel blades may be omitted, the stock, beam, and scratchforming all the instruments except the square and bevel.

The blades may be graduated in the usual manner of graduating suchblades for machinists purposes.

I claim- 1. The herein-described combination-tool, consisting of thestock A, provided with the level-bulb a, and constructed with a slot,12,

at one end, a blade, B, constructed to enter said slot, a screw, 0, inthe stock, to secure said blade in its slot, a bevel-blade, D,constructed to be applied to the surface of the stock and be alsosecured by the said screw 0, the stock constructed with a hole, H,transversely through it, a beam, G, adapted to slide through said hole Hin the stock, a setscrew, I, in the stock to secure said beam,'the saidbeam provided at one end with a tooth, h, and at the other with alongitudinal screw, 1', said screw 71 adapted to enter a correspondinghole in the stock, and a collar, L, adjustable on said beam, and with ahole through it at right angles to the beam, with a scratch, M,adapted'to pass through said transverse hole in the collar, allsubstantially as described.

2. The beam A, the bevel-blade D, con-- structed with a longitudinalslot of dovetail shape in transverse section, combined with a throughsaid hole, set-screw I, to adjustably secure said beam in said stock,thebeam provided at one end with a scratch-tooth, h, and at the otherwith a longitudinal screw-stud, z, the stock constructed with ascrew-threaded hole corresponding to said stud z, and collar L,adjustable on said stock, and adapted to carry the scratch M,substantially as and for the purposes described.

WILLIAM Foal).

Witnesses:

FRANK W. SIMMONS, THOMAS E. ATWA'IER.

